All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means; electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Croquet Association.

16. SWISS EVENTS

(a) NUMBER OF ROUNDS.  The number of rounds should normally be at least two greater than the number of rounds required in a single life knock-out event for the same entry.
(b) DETERMINATION OF PAIRINGS.  The following rules are applied in the order in which they appear.
(1) Positions in the draw for the first round are determined by lot.
(2) No player may play the same opponent more than once except in the final round as a tie-break under Regulation 12(f)(6).
(3) After each round all players are grouped in order of their cumulative scores.  The players within each group are then ordered as in the previous round.
(4) Pairings for the next round are generated by pairing players as follows:
(A) the top two players
(B) the bottom two players
(C) the top two unpaired players
(D) the bottom two unpaired players and so on until all players are paired.
(5) A player who cannot be paired under (4) is paired instead with the unpaired player whose record is closest to his own.
(c) BYES AND DEFAULTS
(1) If the number of players is odd, or becomes odd by a player withdrawing, then, for pairing purposes, an imaginary player named Bye is introduced whose score is permanently zero.  If a real player is paired with Bye in any round, he is deemed to win by the maximum margin.  Bye is withdrawn if the number of real players later becomes even.
(2) If a player defaults in any round, his opponent is deemed to win by the maximum margin.
(3) No player may be paired with Bye more than once.
(d) DETERMINATION OF THE WINNER
(1) The winner is the player who has won the most games.
(2) If there is a tie between two players who have played each other, the winner is the winner of the game between them.
(3) If there is a tie between more than two players all of whom have played each other, the winner is the player who has won the most games in the games between the players in the tie.
(4) If there is a tie between more than two players, not all of whom have played each other, the winner is the player who has defeated all the other players in the tie.
(5) If there is still a tie, Regulation 12(f)(6) may be applied.